Which of the following is not a part of price calculation?

The choice indicating that demographic research is not a part of price calculation is correct because demographic research primarily focuses on understanding the characteristics of a population, such as age, income level, gender, and education. While this information can indirectly inform marketing strategies and target audience segmentation, it does not directly influence the actual calculation of price.

In contrast, the other factors mentioned all play crucial roles in setting the price of a product or service. Cost of goods sold is essential as it represents the direct costs attributable to the production of the goods sold by a company. Competitor pricing is critical as it helps a business determine its pricing strategy in relation to other players in the market, ensuring competitiveness. Consumer demand is also pivotal because it reflects how much customers are willing to pay for a product, which can dictate pricing strategies to optimize sales and revenue.

Overall, while demographic research is valuable in a broader marketing context, it does not directly affect the mathematical aspects of determining price.